Neo-Hittite States

Relief from the Neo-Hittite city of Carchemish

The Neo-Hittite states, also known as Syro-Hittite states, were a collection of political entities that emerged in southern Anatolia and northern Syria following the collapse of the Hittite Empire around 1180 BCE. These states preserved and evolved Hittite culture, art, and political traditions during the early Iron Age, creating a unique blend of Hittite, Aramaic, and Luwian influences.

Key Features of Neo-Hittite States

  • Continued use of Luwian hieroglyphs alongside Aramaic
  • Distinctive architectural and sculptural styles
  • Preservation of Hittite religious practices and pantheon
  • Complex political landscape with multiple city-states

Notable Neo-Hittite Cities

  • Carchemish: A major center of Neo-Hittite culture and power
  • Melid (modern Malatya): Known for its impressive reliefs and inscriptions
  • Sam'al (modern Zincirli): Featured unique blend of Aramaic and Luwian cultures
  • Tabal: A confederation of Neo-Hittite states in central Anatolia

The Neo-Hittite states played a crucial role in preserving and transmitting elements of Bronze Age Anatolian civilization into the Iron Age. Their art, architecture, and inscriptions provide valuable insights into the cultural and political landscape of the region during this transitional period.

Despite their cultural achievements, the Neo-Hittite states were gradually absorbed into larger empires, particularly the Neo-Assyrian Empire, by the 8th century BCE. However, their legacy continued to influence the broader Near Eastern world for centuries to come.