Cypriot Free Field Art
Cypriot free-field art, well developed by the archaic, marks a significant departure from the earlier geometric conventions. This shift heralded an era where potters embraced the freedom of freehand techniques, paving the way for the expression of more intricate and stylistic pieces that still incorporated earlier geometric shapes and patterns. I find myself particularly enamored with these depictions of birds, which are not only emblematic of the style's prevalence but also serve as a testament to its artistic depth and cultural significance. In this article, we will embark on an explorative journey into the heart of this mesmerizing art, examining a plethora of examples from both public and private collections.
January 4, 2024
Archeology
Cypriot Free Field Art
Terracotta jug
Red Polished Ware first appears in the repertoire of Cypriot ceramics at the very beginning of the...
The world of Cypriot ceramics from the Bronze Age captures our imagination with its distinctive and inventive forms. The potters of that era brought to life an array of ceramics, each showcasing a variety of finishes, techniques, and artistic methods, leading to the creation of intricate and captivating pieces. The beauty of Bronze Age Cypriot ceramics is characterised by the extreme and non-utilitarian shapes of vessels.
The violent transition to the early Iron age introduces the use of the potters wheel and a more standardised inventory of shapes and sizes adorned with geometric patterns. Although the shapes become simpler and more functional, the beauty of these patterns is undeniable.
Bichrome Bowl
15cm Bichrome Bowl, with a geometric pattern on the inside and a bichrome pattern on the outside
While the intricate patterns and the nuanced variations among the ceramics of that era are indeed captivating, there's an undeniable gap between the ancient potter's intent and the modern viewer's perception. This gap is primarily due to the tools and techniques employed to create more standardized patterns and designs. Such uniformity can feel somewhat restrictive, leading us to ponder if the potters were merely adhering to a prescribed set of designs from a limited repertoire of patterns.
However, it's important to acknowledge that within these constraints, the creativity and thoughtfulness in arranging these patterns and integrating them into each piece are still apparent. The way these designs are laid out and applied to the ceramics does reveal a glimpse of the artist's vision. Yet, it's also true that the medium and the methods used during this period somewhat curtailed the full expression of the artist's individual creativity.
As we move into the late geometric and early archaic periods, a new artistic expression emerges: the Free Field style. This style marks a return to creativity and personal flair, offering a clearer glimpse into the minds and hearts of the artists. The careful planning and placement of each line and color pigment in Free Field art create a palpable connection to the creators who lived over two and a half millennia ago.
Bichrome Kylix with Bird Free Field Art
a Cypro-Geometric III bichrome ware kylix, circa 850-750 B.C., with twin upturned handles, the...
In this article, we delve into the mesmerizing world of Free Field art, a style that stands out as one of the most intriguing and emotionally resonant in late Cypriot ceramic decoration. Join us as we uncover some of the most remarkable examples of this timeless art form.
The Dawn of Free Field Art
When one searches for free field art, or visits a museum or local gallery, the examples are usually of the later archaic period when the style was well developed. [STILL WRITING SECTION]
Animals
Animal themes are pervasive throughout numerous cultures, including that of Cyprus. Whether it be through statues, animalistic inspired ceramic designs or even fully animal like pieces, common themes emerge.
Birds
Terracotta jug
A bird is depicted with a fish that is probably to be understood as being held in its beak. The...
Fish
Terracotta jug
Fish, swastika, and zigzag decorate this jug. H. 7 7/16 in. (18.9 cm)
Snakes
Terracotta jug
In this extraordinary evocative depiction, a woman faces off a horned serpent whose head looks...
Boar, Deer, Goat & Bulls
Terracotta jug
Oinochoe with bull in white at front, horizontal, vertical, and concentric circles. H. 11 1/2 in....
Mythical Creatures
Terracotta jug
The astonishing figure shows a compact body with small hooves, one of a pair of wings, and a human...
Terracotta jug
In vase-painting of mainland Greece, floral and foliate ornament is always contained and precise....
Humans
Terracotta jug
Two figures and two birds flanking a lotus composition Closely related to 74.51.510, this vase...
Terracotta jug
The jug is decorated with a Black African wearing a tunic and carrying two spears. H. 7 1/2 in....
Archers
Chariots & Horses
Terracotta jug
A horse without any harness moves to the right. On his back stands a small figure wearing a garment...
Maritime
Terracotta jug
Ships provided the link between Cyprus and the surrounding world, and the island was renowned for...
Religious
Terracotta jug
The front of the jug is decorated with the head of a man wearing a horned helmet. Male figures,...
Example Gallery
To find out more about Oinochoe you can refer to our article deep diving into the topic here.
Squat bichrome jug in free-field style with image of bird picking a lotus flower
Squat bichrome jug in free-field style with image of bird picking a lotus flower
Free-field bichrome jug with image of an Ibis bird and reeds
Free-field bichrome jug with image of an Ibis bird and reeds
Terracotta jug
Birds represent a frequent motif on this class of jugs with so-called free-field decoration. The...
Terracotta jug
The decoration consists of a bird with a lotos flower that appears to grow from between the wings...
Terracotta jug
Flying bird feeding upon a lotus flower. H. 7 5/16 in. (18.5 cm)
Terracotta jug
Two figures and two birds flanking a lotus composition Closely related to 74.51.510, this vase...
Bichrome Oinochoe
BICHROME WARE POTTERY JUG with free-field bird CYPRO-ARCHAIC I, CIRCA 750-600 B.C. 8 in. (20.3...
Terracotta kylix (cup)
Kylix of angular form, on each side a bird between vertical bands. H. 4 1/2 in. (11.4 cm); diameter...
Terracotta jug
Vertical-circle ornament and highly conventionalized bird. H. 10 3/8 in. (26.4 cm)
Terracotta jug
In vase-painting of mainland Greece, floral and foliate ornament is always contained and precise....
Terracotta barrel jug with strainer
Barrel-shaped jugs, with and without strainers, are quite common in Archaic Cypriot pottery....
Oinochoe with Free Field Bird
The rounded body with a large stylized heron-like bird, with long straight bill, large feet and...
Small Oinochoe with Free Field Bird
Small Oinochoe, around 14cm with free field bird.
References
- Stubbings FH. V. Karageorghis and J. des Gagniers, La céramique chypriote de style figuré, âge du fer (1050–500 av. J.-C.). Vol. I (texte), 170 pp., 6 colour pls; Vol. II (illustrations et descriptions des vases) 517 pp., illustrated with photographs and two-colour figs. (Biblioteca di anchità cipriote, No. 2.) Rome. Istituto per gli Studi Micenei ed Egso-Anatolici, 1974 and 1975. L. 75,000. Antiquity. 1976;50(199-200):254-255. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00071374